Tag: infrastructure governance
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P115B Shadow Flood Control Budget in 2025: Implications for Philippine DRRM
Understanding the Shadow Flood Control Budget A recent UP-NCPAG policy note reveals that over P115 billion was allocated in the 2025 General Appropriations Act (GAA) for flood control projects outside the official Flood Management Program (FMP). Known as the “shadow” budget, this allotment has grown consistently from about P81.6 billion in 2022 to P115.3 billion…
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Shadow Flood Control Budget 2025: Hidden Spending Exposed
What the UP-NCPAG Study Reveals A recent policy note from the University of the Philippines National College of Public Administration and Governance (UP-NCPAG) highlights a troubling trend in the Philippines’ flood management finances. In the 2025 General Appropriations Act (GAA), more than P115 billion was allocated to so-called “shadow” flood control projects—funding for works outside…