Overview: DOACs, NVAF, and the role of cardiac hemodynamics Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) requires careful stroke prevention, with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) such as apixaban, rivaroxaban, and dabigatran replacing warfarin in many patients. While DOACs have demonstrated non-inferiority to warfarin in large trials, real-world data reveal nuances in bleeding and stroke risk that may hinge…