Introduction
In a significant move that raises concerns about international law and human rights, Russia has imposed its citizenship on Ukrainians living in territories it has annexed. This decree, which took effect on September 10, further complicates the lives of many Ukrainians who are unwilling to accept Russian nationality. Those who refuse face severe restrictions, including limited employment opportunities and access to social benefits.
The Impact of the Decree
Many residents in the annexed regions of Zaporijia and Kherson now find themselves coerced into accepting Russian citizenship. Reports suggest that over three million residents have already received Russian passports, creating an environment where living without one becomes increasingly untenable. Russian President Vladimir Putin has remarked that this russification process has been largely voluntary, yet many local inhabitants describe it as coercive.
Consequences of Refusal
Yulia Gorbunova, a researcher for Human Rights Watch, cautions that refusing Russian citizenship comes with dire consequences. “If you refuse the Russian passport, you must prepare to be treated as a foreigner in your own country. Non-compliance with migration rules can lead to expulsion,” she explained. In some regions, residents who do not acquire Russian passports risk having their properties confiscated.
Living in an Oppressive Environment
For many Ukrainians, the choice to refuse Russian citizenship is not straightforward. Some are physically unable to leave due to financial constraints or obligations to care for elderly relatives. Others have seen their homes expropriated, leaving them with little choice but to remain in the occupied territories. Viacheslav Likhachev, an expert from the Center for Civil Liberties in Kyiv, points out that many residents fear losing their only valuable asset—property they acquired after the collapse of the USSR.
Healthcare and Social Services
The decree further complicates access to essential services, particularly healthcare. While Ukrainians are not explicitly barred from hospitals, without a Russian passport, they cannot obtain the medical insurance required for treatment. This lack of access puts countless lives at risk, revealing the harsh realities faced by those living under occupation.
International Law and Human Rights Violations
This policy imposed by the Russian government stands in stark violation of international law. Under humanitarian guidelines, occupying powers are mandated to respect existing laws and protect civilians’ rights, regardless of their citizenship status. Gorbunova insists that Russia is violating these principles by attempting to alter the demographics of occupied regions and coercing residents into taking Russian nationality.
Military Conscription and Risks Ahead
One of the most alarming aspects of this citizenship decree is the potential for military conscription. Young men receiving Russian citizenship could be compelled to serve in the Russian armed forces against Ukraine. Gorbunova warns that this practice amounts to a war crime and constitutes further exploitation of occupied populations.
The Psychological Impact and Propaganda
The Russian government is actively promoting the narrative that Ukraine is no longer the homeland of those who accept Russian nationality. Propaganda efforts aim to instill fear among local populations, suggesting that they will be viewed as criminals by the Ukrainian state if they return. This psychological manipulation reinforces the idea that residents have no choice but to accept their new reality under Russian control.
Conclusion
The forced citizenship of Ukrainians in annexed territories is not only a political maneuver but a violation of human dignity and rights. As the situation evolves, the international community must remain vigilant in addressing these actions and supporting the affected populations struggling under oppressive conditions.
