Understanding Kennel Cough: What It Is and Why It Spreads
Kennel cough, also known as canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), is a highly contagious illness that affects dogs of all ages. It’s caused by a mix of bacteria and viruses, most commonly Bordetella bronchiseptica, along with canine adenovirus, parainfluenza, and other pathogens. Summer can be a peak time for outbreaks as dogs spend more time in kennels, daycares, boarding facilities, and socializing at parks and events. While the illness can be uncomfortable and disruptive, it’s rarely fatal with proper care and timely veterinary attention.
Recognizing the Symptoms: When to Check Your Dog
Early detection helps prevent spread and complications. Watch for a persistent, dry hacking cough that often sounds like something is stuck in the throat. The cough may be triggered by excitement or pulling on a leash. Other common signs include:
- Sneezing, runny nose, and eye discharge
- Lethargy or mild lethargy after activity
- Loss of appetite in some cases
- A low-grade fever in certain situations
In most cases, symptoms appear within 4–10 days after exposure. If your dog starts coughing persistently for more than a week, develops trouble breathing, has a blue tongue, collapses, or shows signs of dehydration, seek veterinary care immediately. Young puppies, old dogs, or those with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to complications such as pneumonia.
Treatment Options: How veterinarians Help
Because kennel cough is caused by multiple pathogens, treatment focuses on easing symptoms, supporting recovery, and preventing secondary infections. Typical approaches include:
- Rest and limit strenuous activity to reduce coughing spells
- Hydration and a nutritious, easily digestible diet
- Medication to suppress severe coughing may be prescribed for short-term relief
- Antibiotics only if a bacterial infection or pneumonia is suspected
- Anti-nausea or anti-inflammatory medications in certain cases
Most dogs recover within 10–14 days with appropriate care. Complications are uncommon but can occur, particularly in puppies or dogs with chronic conditions. If your vet suspects pneumonia or another serious issue, they may recommend diagnostics such as chest X-rays or blood tests.
Vaccination: The Primary Prevention
Vaccination is a key preventive measure for kennel cough. There are vaccines for Bordetella and other pathogens involved in CIRDC, administered as intranasal sprays, oral vaccines, or injections. While vaccines don’t guarantee complete protection, they significantly reduce disease severity and lower transmission in high-risk environments like kennels, daycares, and boarding facilities. Discuss with your veterinarian which vaccination schedule best fits your dog’s lifestyle, including booster timing before boarding or travel plans.
Summer-Specific Tips for Reducing Risk
Summer activities often bring dogs into closer contact with others, increasing exposure risk. Implement these practical steps to minimize kennel cough exposure:
- Screen kennels and daycare centers for vaccination policies and hygiene practices
- Ask about recent outbreaks and coughing incidents at facilities
- Keep your dog up-to-date on vaccines and boosters
- Avoid crowded canine events if your dog is young or has respiratory issues
- Practice good cough etiquette: keep toys and bowls separate, and wash hands between dogs
What Owners Can Do At Home
At home, you can support recovery and prevent spread by isolating a coughing dog from more vulnerable pets and following your veterinarian’s guidance on medications and care. Monitor for fever, persistent lethargy, or signs of dehydration. Ensure fresh water is always available and maintain a clean, comfortable resting area. If the cough worsens or lasts beyond a couple of weeks, return to the clinic for reassessment.
Bottom Line: Vigilance, Vaccination, and Kind Care
Kennel cough is a common seasonal challenge for dog owners, especially in summer when social dog activities rise. With early recognition of symptoms, targeted treatment, and proactive vaccination, most dogs recover quickly and in comfort. If you’re planning boarding or a vacation where your dog will be in close contact with others, speak with your veterinarian about the best vaccination strategy and care plan to keep your furry companion healthy and happy this summer.
