Overview: A New Phase in Gaza’s Aftermath
As a fragile ceasefire between Hamas and Israel takes hold, reports indicate that Hamas has begun deploying armed fighters and police across various parts of Gaza. The move appears aimed at reasserting control in a territory devastated by years of conflict. The developments come as the first phase of a recent ceasefire agreement advances, including prisoner exchanges and a steady flow of aid entering the enclave.
What We Know About the Deployments
Images circulated showing dozens of Hamas fighters at a southern Gaza hospital in connection with the release of Israeli hostages, prompting concern about the group’s commitment to disarmament—a key, though loosely defined, provision of the deal. Reports from the territory spoke of shootings and executions in other areas, and clashes involving Hamas gunmen with a powerful local family in Gaza City over the weekend.
To some observers, these actions suggest parallel governance by Hamas—an effort to project authority beyond its previously known strongholds in central and southern Gaza. While the ceasefire seeks to regulate violence and disarm groups, the reality on the ground remains fragile, with armed factions and clans continuing to exert influence in pockets of the territory.
Ceasefire Context: Does This Threaten the Agreement?
Analysts say the reported violence is unlikely to trigger an immediate collapse of the ceasefire. However, it highlights the broader challenges of disarmament and stabilization, particularly as a regional mission prepared to deploy troops to Gaza confronts a complex security landscape. The new stabilisation force is expected to work alongside local authorities to restore order, but its effectiveness will depend on cooperation from multiple armed actors and the loyalty of local communities.
Key Players and Reactions
In Washington, President Donald Trump commented that Hamas appeared to act within the ceasefire framework, acknowledging the enormous humanitarian needs in Gaza’s rebuilt urban areas. He warned that the situation could deteriorate quickly if conditions worsen for civilians and the city’s infrastructure, emphasizing safety and stability as primary concerns.
Meanwhile, the Gaza Ministry of Interior, controlled by Hamas since 2007, pledged to restore security and offered a “gate for repentance and general amnesty” to those who joined non-lethal gangs but had not participated in killings. The ministry urged suspects to surrender within a week to settle their legal status, signaling an attempt to formalize authority while avoiding a broader purge.
Humanitarian Situation: Aid, Prices, and Access
The ceasefire and ensuing aid corridors have enabled hundreds of trucks to deliver supplies into Gaza, contributing to a rapid drop in market prices for basic goods. Yet aid agencies warn that the scale of need far outstrips supply, with famine declared in parts of the territory and essential fuel, food, and medical supplies in short supply. The chaotic distribution, compounded by ongoing Israeli restrictions and sporadic fighting, complicates relief efforts and raises fears of renewed humanitarian crises.
Security and Governance: What Comes Next?
As fighting and looting persist in some areas, a broader question remains: who governs Gaza when both Hamas and rival actors claim legitimacy? The security environment is plagued by the collapse of law and order, with armed families and gangs asserting influence where state institutions are weak. The new stabilisation force will need to navigate these realities, aim for disarmament where possible, and avoid triggering new cycles of revenge that could destabilize the ceasefire framework.
Implications for civilians
For residents, the immediate concern is safety and access to essentials. While the ceasefire is a beacon of relief, the presence of armed groups and the potential for internal clashes raise anxiety about renewed violence and its impact on humanitarian deliveries and daily life.
Outlook
Observers will be watching closely how Hamas balances asserting control with honoring the ceasefire terms. The success of any stabilization mission will hinge on credible security guarantees, accountable governance, and sustained humanitarian access amid a densely populated, physically damaged landscape.
