Rising E-Waste and the Windows 10 Deadline
On International E-Waste Day, campaigners warn that hundreds of millions of computers could be prematurely discarded as software obsolescence accelerates. A focal point is Microsoft’s decision to end free, automatic support for Windows 10, a status that has helped the operating system remain dominant on roughly 40% of the world’s computers. With support ending, many devices may struggle to run newer software, driving a sharp uptick in e-waste if users are nudged toward buying new machines rather than maintaining existing ones.
Advocates say the move represents a broader shift: when software support is retired, otherwise functional hardware becomes a liability in today’s market where security updates and compatibility are critical. As a result, millions of computers risk joining the global e-waste stream—an issue that sheds light on the hidden costs of software lifecycles that do not align with principles of the circular economy.
_campaigners’ Demands: Longer Software Guarantees
Campaigners in Europe and the United States are calling for stronger policy action to counter “software obsolescence.” They argue that up to 400 million PCs may be unable to upgrade to Windows 11, potentially triggering 700 million kilograms of additional e-waste and increased greenhouse gas emissions. While Microsoft has extended updates for one more year in Europe at a cost, rights groups say this concession is insufficient and delays an inevitable upgrade cycle rather than preventing it.
Europe: A Push for 15-Year Software Updates
The Right to Repair Europe coalition, made up of about 180 organizations across 30 countries, has formally pressed the European Commission for binding measures. They have urged the EC to introduce ecodesign requirements for laptops that guarantee at least 15 years of software updates. This would help keep devices in use longer, reduce waste, and level the playing field for consumers who cannot upgrade hardware rapidly.
The People, Not Just the Policy
Experts emphasize that the debate over software obsolescence is as much about consumer behavior as it is about corporate strategy. “At the core of the circular economy lies a simple principle: keeping products in use for longer,” says a leading circular economy analyst. He notes that long-term software support demonstrates what is possible when manufacturers prioritize durability over rapid replacement cycles.
What’s Being Done Right Now
In the short term, advocates point to practical remedies. Some organizations are encouraging users to install open-source alternatives like Linux or lightweight operating systems on older hardware to extend life. Refurbishment groups and platforms are offering tips and services to breathe new life into machines that would otherwise be discarded. Companies such as Back Market support these efforts by sharing guidance on software tweaks and upgrades that can delay obsolescence.
Looking Ahead: Policy and Practice
With International E-Waste Day drawing attention to the issue, the debate over how to balance security, performance, and environmental protection continues. The coming months will determine whether policymakers embrace stronger ecodesign rules and longer software guarantees, or whether market dynamics will continue to push hardware through a faster replacement cycle. The stakes are high: extending software life could dramatically cut e-waste, reduce pollution, and save consumers money, while still ensuring devices remain safe and functional.
