What the study found
A large study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings and summarized by a news service tracked more than 220,000 participants over almost 14 years to examine how shift work relates to kidney stone events. The researchers found that night shift workers have a 15 percent higher risk of developing kidney stones compared with daytime workers. The increase was most pronounced among younger employees and those in sedentary jobs, with lifestyle factors such as smoking, poor sleep, low fluid intake and higher body mass index partially explaining the link. The analysis adjusted for common confounders, including age, sex, BMI and lifestyle, yet the association persisted.
Why night shifts disrupt kidney health
The body runs on a circadian rhythm, a 24 hour internal clock that regulates sleep, hormones, metabolism and kidney function. When you stay up at night and sleep during the day, the clock is out of sync. That misalignment does more than cause fatigue; it alters how the body processes food and fluids, shifts hormone patterns and can promote behaviors that raise stone risk. In the study, the night shift effect was partly explained by factors such as smoking, irregular meals, dehydration and less physical activity, illustrating how a demanding work schedule can ripple into kidney health.
What exactly are kidney stones?
Kidney stones are hard mineral deposits that form in the kidneys and can range from tiny grains to large plaques that block the urinary tract. Symptoms often include sharp back or side pain, painful urination, blood in the urine and sometimes nausea or vomiting. Stones are common in many populations and, while preventable, can recur and raise the risk of long term kidney problems if not managed.
Practical steps to lower risk
Stay hydrated
Hydration is one of the simplest and most effective prevention measures. Night workers should aim for about 2 to 3 liters of fluids per day unless a clinician advises otherwise. Sip water regularly during shifts to counter daytime dehydration patterns.
Eat smart
Limit salty foods, processed snacks and excessive animal protein, all of which can increase stone risk. A balanced diet helps maintain mineral balance and supports kidney function.
Move more
Even in sedentary roles, brief bouts of movement before or after shifts can aid metabolism and weight control. Regular activity supports overall kidney health over time.
Improve sleep quality
Make daytime rest as restful as possible with a dark, quiet environment and consistent sleep routines on days off when feasible to reduce circadian stress and support recovery.
Regular checkups
If you have a history of stones or a family history of kidney problems, discuss prevention and monitoring with a clinician. Early guidance can cut recurrence risk and protect long term kidney health.
Bottom line
Working the night shift is essential in many industries, but it comes with tangible risks for kidney health. By prioritizing hydration, smart eating, regular movement and quality sleep, workers can lower the chance of kidney stones and safeguard kidney function, even as night shift duties continue.
